Wednesday, July 3, 2024

Heat Wave Music at the Local Patch

 

     

Please note: SoundCloud has made significant changes that are affecting the visual presentation of my field recordings. I have yet to find a solution to this issue.

 

Many of you experienced the heat wave that lasted for a little over a week. It was miserable. It was likely miserable for the birds in the backyard, too, especially while attending to nestlings and fledglings.

We’ve always relied on ceiling fans and floor fans for our little bungalow, but this was the first time we were worried that this won’t be adequate as we age and the climate continues to warm. 

 


 

Our backyard inhabitants, however, have no choices, though our sprinkler offers a little bit of moisture and cooling.

Before the heat became too intense, my first temporary escape was a late-afternoon trip to a rural Geauga County park that’s a much-loved old friend of mine. 

 


 

It wasn’t as hot as our old, inner-ring suburb and I cherished the peace and privacy of a large meadow with no other humans around. Indigo Buntings, Field Sparrows, Song Sparrows, Common Yellowthroats…and enough quiet that I could easily hear every one of them. 


 

Back here at home, however, that degree of quiet is only a dream. Birds compete with landscaping crews armed with leaf blowers and string trimmers while huge riding mowers struggle to maneuver on small front lawns. 

Traffic on the nearby major street seems to increase every year and the bellowing of motorcycle ensembles roars late into the night. By day, I can see the windows and landing gear of ridiculously low-flying private jets preparing to land at the county airport. 

And the birds try to sing over all of it.

We provide a very nice habitat for them in our back yard. There’s an abundance of trees – pin oaks, red maples, an inoculated elm, white pine and yes, the typical backyard Norway spruces. We have smaller trees, including spicebush, redbud, and serviceberry, plus many native perennials, vines, ferns, and sedges that form a miniature forest understory. 

 


Deer routinely ate those native plants to the ground every year until we added a 6 foot chain link fence encircling the back yard without blocking the filtered light that reaches the ground.


 It’s also a welcoming habitat for Wendy and me, too.

 

But we can’t help with the noise.

By midweek, it was too exhaustingly hot to drive very far in search of peace. Fortunately for me, there is a park area relatively nearby where I can go after dark, enjoy slightly cooler temperatures, and listen to songs from the natural world – my “local patch.” 


 

Motorcycles roar down the winding road through the park as they do in the city, but when there’s less traffic, I can hear the silvery songs of Spring Trigs. These early season crickets are so small I have only seen them a few times.

 


They sing within clumps of grasses and forbs and seem to have a particular fondness for poison ivy. I imagine they are pleased that this park has poison ivy as large as substantial shrubs.

 


I’ve been coming here for years, and these tiny northbound singers were not present until recently. Throughout much of NE Ohio, they are moving north as the climate warms and are now singing even within sight of Lake Erie.

That in itself was delightful, but I was here to listen to frogs. Amphibian choruses would be singing just a short distance away near the boardwalk along a lagoon.

I heard the Green Frogs first with a few Bullfrogs farther out in the water.




It’s been very dry as well as hot in NE Ohio – we’re technically in a moderate drought as of now, and the water level in the lagoon was quite low.  As a result, it was considerably easier to spot the Green Frogs than I’d expected                    

              

                                                                Green Frog 

                                                                    Bullfrog

The multitude of Green Frogs alone would be an excellent reason to visit this boardwalk after dark, but there was a larger ensemble ahead.



Gray Treefrogs – my favorite amphibian singers!


They seem to descend from the woods to the ponds and wetland edges in mid-May and I find them in their temporary early summer residences into early July. They may be on tree trunks, in wetland vegetation, or on boardwalks, but unlike the Green Frogs, I never see them actually in the lagoon itself.

 


 

It’s a little challenging to determine how many Gray Treefrogs are actually calling, as I hear them almost nonstop in the darkness. Some call on slightly different pitches, which gives me a more accurate perception of the individual singers. 



Because they're spread out along the shallow edges of the lagoon, there’s no way to count their total numbers in the vegetation and on the tree trunks. 


It doesn’t really matter – it’s an impressive chorus that’s louder than all the Green Frogs and Bullfrogs combined!

 

                                           Gray Treefrogs can be green or brown

                                                
 

I reluctantly respected the park system’s closing time of 11pm, walking back past the singing Spring Trigs toward my car. 





I felt very fortunate for the option of spending time with the frogs at the lagoon, but sad for the backyard residents who have no escape from the noise and additional heat of my neighborhood. 

 

When I arrived home, I sat on the back porch steps watching multiple species of fireflies flashing from high in the trees to down in the gardens. A young raccoon approached along one of our wood chip paths and strolled past my feet without even a glance. Shortly thereafter, an opossum purposefully proceeded up the driveway and past the garage. 

We do what we can to create a welcoming space for all of them, but I wish we could help them – and us - with the heat and the noise.

 

Cleveland Heights and other Cleveland area residents, “Quiet Clean Heights” is working to address some of the noise issues I described in this piece. See their website at https://www.quietcleanheights.com/

Monday, December 18, 2023

Crickets and Katydids in the House 2023

 


 It’s time for my annual “Crickets and Katydids in the House” to close out another calendar year of Listening in Nature blog posts.  Although the indoor numbers are diminishing as these elderly insects gradually fade away, we’ve had another fascinating festival of singers this autumn.

As you can see, Nikos has been keeping an eye on the singers and their mesh butterfly cages in the dining room.  We have a pair of south windows there that both orthopterans and felines enjoy.

 

Does Nikos present problems for the insects? Not typically. In fact, I’ve repeatedly found him stretched out on their table next to their mesh cages, sound asleep. They sing regardless of his proximity.

Our distinguished guest this year was Michael Microcentrum (Microcentrum retinerve), a Lesser Angle-wing katydid from southern Ohio. This species is moving north from southern and central Ohio but is not in my immediate region – yet. I have recorded them as far north as the Cuyahoga Valley National Park in Summit County (the county on Cuyahoga County’s southern border), so they’re coming.

  


His song was a series of three quick, sharp, loud exclamations followed by a pause, then another group of two or three exclamations.Sometimes he really startled me!

 

Michael loved grape leaves, which I provided for as long as possible. 


I subsequently used an entire leaf of Romaine lettuce in a little vase, which he found to be an  acceptable substitute.

As with all the singers here, Michael had a daily organic grape half and organic apple slice plus Fluker’s cricket hydration cubes for water and dry cricket food. I also mist the mesh lid of each cage nightly, and I’ve seen both Michael and occasionally tree crickets immediately drinking the water drops. 

                       This is a good size for tree crickets. Katydids need something larger
                

                                
                                       Michael Microcentrum with his grape and apple slice.

 

Grape leaves were challenging not only because their season was gradually ending, but also because Nikos really wanted those large leaves. One night when he was being especially obnoxious about trying to seize his leafy prey, I put a large grape leaf on top of his head.

 


 He stopped. The grape leaf seemed to be an immediate calming aid. He sat motionless with the grape leaf on his head for the next half hour.

  


Our two other katydids are gorgeous Black-legged Meadow Katydids (Orchelimum nigripes): one from Geauga County and one from Lake County. Black-legged Meadow Katydids are common along ponds and wetland edges and live quite comfortably in a larger mesh cage with plant cuttings and seed heads from their original locations.

The Lake County Black-legged has a cattail seed head in his cage, as those were abundant in his area. There were no cattails anywhere near the Geauga Black-legged's wetland.  He lived in bulrushes, and that’s exactly what he has now.

You’ll notice in my photos that the Geauga Black-legged’s face is almost white while the Lake County Black-legged’s face is the rusty red of his cattails. Is the color in some way determined by the habitat? I have no idea.

 

                                   Black-legged Meadow Katydid from Geauga County

                                    Black-legged Meadow Katydid from Lake County

You may know the typical song of this species: tic-tic-tic-and then a long whirr.
 

 

                       

                         Nikos watching the Geauga Black-legged Meadow Katydid.

 

Both of these katydids tear into their Romaine lettuce! It’s quite obvious – just look!

 



The Geauga Black-legged generally stays in my studio next to my desk, as he becomes agitated and annoyed by the other Black-legged, who lives in the dining room. That’s fine with me – how nice to have a Black-legged Meadow Katydid singing right next to me while I’m at my desktop computer!   
 
At times, he also sings several erratically-spaced “tics” after his typical tic-tic-tic-whirrr. 
 
Listen: 

                    

All the other residents in our Orthopteran assisted living accommodations are crickets. Always common here are Forbes’s Tree Crickets (Oecanthus forbesi) and the look-alike sound-alike Black-horned Tree Crickets (Oecanthus nigricornis). Black-horneds are more common east of my region and Forbes’s are likely the species that is found west of Cleveland. Because I live in NE Ohio, I’m in the overlap zone of these two species and have been learning to separate them by song and habitat. 

 


 

Black-horned Tree Crickets seem to be more likely to live where there are shrubs and thicker vegetation rather than out in an open, goldenrod-filled meadow. The latter habitat is a prime territory for Forbes’s Tree Crickets.

There’s a difference in the songs that I can hear in the field and also see on a sonogram. (Musicians: it’s the second harmonic.) I can usually hear the difference in the tone quality and subsequently see it on the sonogram. The distinction can be confirmed by the number of wing strokes per second at a given temperature.

I love them all, of course, but I have a bit of a preference for the Black-horned Tree Cricket’s tone quality. Here’s one from Geauga County:

 

Both species are a delight to have at home! They sing consistently and often seem quite confident or even downright bold. When I unzip the mesh lid of their butterfly cages, they may run right up toward my hand to see what I’m doing.


 

As these tree crickets age, their file and scraper song mechanisms can begin to break down. We had a Forbes’s Tree Cricket  - “Squeaky” - who provided an interesting and very obvious example of how this might sound. 

 

My favorite tree crickets are probably the larger, truly gorgeous Broad-winged Tree Crickets (Oecanthus latipennis). They typically live in dense shrubs such as dogwoods, viburnums, and blackberry, so the indoor habitats I create for them always include blackberry cuttings. They often sing from the underside of a leaf and will immediately hide underneath one if startled.

               Broad-winged Tree Cricket on the underside of a leaf, as is often the case
 

The Broad-winged in this photo, however, was quite exposed as he boldly sang near the top of the cage.
 

 
These tree crickets are one of the easier species to identify in the field, as their songs are consistently at a lower pitch than the nearby Black-horned, Forbes’s, or Four-spotted Tree Crickets. 
 
I recorded this example in the house: first, you'll hear Black-horned Tree Cricket. followed by a Broad-winged Tree Cricket. The Broad-winged Tree Cricket's subsequent entrance will be obvious. 
 

 

 For weeks, we had two of our favorite tree crickets upstairs on a bedroom dresser every night: a Snowy Tree Cricket (Oecanthus fultoni) and a Four-spotted Tree Cricket (Oecanthuis quadripunctatus). Yes, I know. We have multiple favorites.

 
We have Snowy Tree Crickets in our neighborhood, including our backyard. Their steady, rhythmic songs are commonly heard along the Lake Erie shore and also in old, inner-ring suburbs like ours.

                                    This is one of our backyard Snowy Tree Crickets
 

One individual moved from the back of the yard to the native honeysuckle trellis against the house as night temperatures got colder, and I subsequently located him and brought him indoors. Next to him on the dresser was the Four-spotted Tree Cricket, who could still sing his steady trill but just had a little trouble getting warmed up at first. 
 
 
                                                    Four-spotted Tree Cricket
 
Here’s a recording from the bedroom in the dark. The Snowy is the first “voice” you’ll hear.
 


Of course, we always have a Handsome Trig or two or three (Phyllopalpus pulchellus). These tiny crickets were never in our neighborhood until about 10 years ago but have now moved north up to the lakeshore from down in Summit County. They eventually found our backyard and are now annual residents. 
 


 

And what about Nikos? When I needed to provide blackberry cuttings for those crickets that required them, Nikos once again launched an attack on the vegetation (but not the crickets). If a grape leaf could calm him down, could a large blackberry leaf accomplish the same outcome?

 


 ****************************************************************************************************

 
          You can read more about these crickets and katydids in my online field guide, 
          Listening to Insects at Listeningtoinsects.com